| Pharmaceutical Information |
| Drug Name |
Ammonia |
| Drug ID |
BADD_D00123 |
| Description |
Ammonia is a naturally-occurring compound with a chemical formula NH3 and structure of trigonal pyramidal geometry. It is a colorless gas with a pungent smell, and become NH4, or ammonium ion, when in water. Although ammonia is used as a food additive in the anhydrous form and serves as a starting material in pharmaceutical and commercial products, it is caustic and hazardous when concentrated. Ammonia gas has been used in the clinical setting as a respiratory stimulant to prevent fainting. The radiolabelled form of ammonia, ammonia N 13, is intravenously administered as a radioactive diagnostic agent for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the myocardium to evaluate myocardial perfusion. Ammonia is a natural byproduct of biological and chemical reactions, including decomposition of organic matter, including plants, animals, and animal wastes. It is present in normally present in all tissues constituting a metabolic pool, where it is mostly taken up by glutamic acid and take part in transamination and other reactions, including the synthesis of protein by the Krebs-Hanseleit cycle in the liver [L2033]. It is proposed that human adults produce about 1000 mmol of ammonia daily, most of which undergoes excretion in the urine. |
| Indications and Usage |
- Indicated for use as a smelling salt to treat or prevent fainting.
- (when radiolabelled) Indicated for diagnostic PET imaging of the myocardium under rest or pharmacologic stress conditions to evaluate myocardial perfusion in patients with suspected or existing coronary artery disease [FDA Label]. |
| Marketing Status |
approved |
| ATC Code |
Not Available |
| DrugBank ID |
DB11118
|
| KEGG ID |
D02916
|
| MeSH ID |
D000641
|
| PubChem ID |
222
|
| TTD Drug ID |
D0FT7Y
|
| NDC Product Code |
68428-878; 55670-710 |
| UNII |
5138Q19F1X
|
| Synonyms |
Ammonia |
|
| Chemical Information |
| Molecular Formula |
H3N |
| CAS Registry Number |
7664-41-7 |
| SMILES |
N |
| Chemical Structure |
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| ADRs Induced by Drug |
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