| Pharmaceutical Information |
| Drug Name |
Ipratropium bromide monohydrate |
| Drug ID |
BADD_D01193 |
| Description |
Ipratropium is a quaternary ammonium derivative of [atropine][A176957] that acts as an anticholinergic agent.[A176939] It is commonly administered through inhalation which allows producing a local effect without presenting a significant systemic absorption.[A176957]
Ipratropium as a therapeutic agent was developed by Boehringer Ingelheim and its first monotherapy product was FDA approved in 1986, while the combination product of ipratropium and [albuterol] was approved in 1996.[L5894, L5891] |
| Indications and Usage |
Inhaled ipratropium is indicated in combination with inhaled beta-agonist systemic corticosteroids for the management of severe exacerbations of asthma flares requiring treatment.[A176939]
Asthma exacerbations are characterized by a progressive increase in one or more of asthma symptoms accompanied by a decrease in expiratory flow.[L5900]
As a single agent, ipratropium was indicated for the symptomatic relief of rhinorrhea associated with the common cold or seasonal allergic rhinitis for patients 5 years or older. It does not alleviate nasal congestion nor sneezing.[FDA label]
Rhinorrhea refers to recurrent or chronic watery nasal discharge. This condition is debilitating and its pathogenesis and etiology is complex and not very well understood presenting very substantial cost burden.[L5903]
Additionally, ipratropium is indicated as a bronchodilator for maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.[FDA label]
The chronic obstructive pulmonary disease includes a large number of conditions characterized by breathlessness. As this includes several conditions, the etiology, symptoms, and treatments are diverse.[L5906]
Ipratropium has also been studied to be used for the treatment of sialorrhea.[A176942]
Sialorrhea is a common symptom that accompanies different neurologic conditions and it is characterized by drooling or excessive salivation.[A176963] |
| Marketing Status |
approved; experimental |
| ATC Code |
R03BB01; R01AX03 |
| DrugBank ID |
DB00332
|
| KEGG ID |
D02212
|
| MeSH ID |
D009241
|
| PubChem ID |
441337
|
| TTD Drug ID |
D0S0AS
|
| NDC Product Code |
17337-0520 |
| UNII |
GR88G0I6UL
|
| Synonyms |
Ipratropium | (endo,syn)-(+-)-3-(3-Hydroxy-1-oxo-2-phenylpropoxy)-8-methyl-8-(1-methylethyl)-8-azoniabicyclo(3.2.1)octane | N-Isopropylatropine | N Isopropylatropine | Atrovent | Ipratropium Bromide Anhydrous | Ipratropium Bromide, (endo,anti)-Isomer | Sch-1178 | Sch 1178 | Sch1178 | Ipratropium Bromide Monohydrate | Ipratropium Bromide, endo-Isomer | Itrop | Sch-1000 | Sch 1000 | Sch1000 | Ipratropium Bromide | Ipratropium Bromide, (exo,syn)-Isomer |
|
| Chemical Information |
| Molecular Formula |
C20H32BrNO4 |
| CAS Registry Number |
922491-06-3 |
| SMILES |
CC(C)[N+]1(C2CCC1CC(C2)OC(=O)C(CO)C3=CC=CC=C3)C.O.[Br-] |
| Chemical Structure |
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| ADRs Induced by Drug |
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